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期刊论文 49

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Simulating the air flow in the conveying pipe of the foreign fiber detection device

Ting CHEN, Lili WU, Ke WANG,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 275-279 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0274-6

摘要： Cotton bales are frequently intermingled with foreign fibers which will interfere in the process of spinning, weaving and dyeing and will worsen the product quality. Nowadays, cotton fibers are sorted manually in most of the cotton textile mills with very low efficiency. There is a great demand for foreign fiber detection devices in Chinese cotton textile mills. The air flow in the conveying pipe of the device has an important effect on the image acquisition, image analysis and removal of foreign fibers. As a primary effort, the air flow in the conveying pipe of the foreign fiber detection device was simulated numerically. The effects of the inlet air velocity on the air turbulence intensity and air velocity along the detecting section were studied.

关键词： product quality Chinese process turbulence intensity primary

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Evaluation of the wind energy potential of two south west sites in Nigeria

Olaleye M. AMOO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 237-246 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0201-2

摘要： Wind resource assessment is a crucial first step in gauging the potential of a site to produce energy from wind turbines. In this paper, the wind energy potential of Abeokuta (07°03'N, 03°19'E) and Ijebu-Ode (06°47'N, 03°58'E), two south west sites in Nigeria were examined. Twenty years (1990–2010) of monthly mean wind data from a 10 m height were subjected to two-parameter Weibull analysis and other statistical analyses. The results show that the average annual mean wind speed variation for Abeokuta ranges from 2.2 to 5.0 m/s. For Ijebu-Ode, it ranges from 2.0 to 5.0 m/s. The wind power density variation based on the Weibull analysis ranges from 4.26 to 24.51 W/m for Abeokuta and from 8.54 to 76.46 W/m for Ijebu-Ode. Ijebu-Ode was found to be the better of the two sites in terms of annual variation of mean wind speed.

关键词： wind potential wind speed wind power density wind gust turbulence intensity Nigeria

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Development of a fan-stirred constant volume combustion chamber and turbulence measurement with PIV

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期页码 973-987 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0762-z

摘要： A fan-stirred combustion chamber is deve-loped for spherically expanding flames, with P and T up to 10 bar and 473 K, respectively. Turbulence characteristics are estimated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) at different initial pressures (P = 0.5–5 bar), fan frequencies (ω = 0–2000 r/min), and impeller diameters (D = 100 and 114 mm). The flame propagation of methanol/air is investigated at different turbulence intensities (u′=0–1.77 m/s) and equivalence ratios (φ = 0.7–1.5). The results show that u′ is independent of P and proportional to ω, which can be up to 3.5 m/s at 2000 r/min. L_T is independent of P and performs a power regression with ω approximately. The turbulent field is homogeneous and isotropic in the central region of the chamber while the inertial subrange of spatial energy spectrum is more collapsed to –5/3 law at a high Re_T. Compared to laminar expanding flames, the morpho-logy of turbulent expanding flames is wrinkled and the wrinkles will be finer with the growth of turbulence intensity, consistent with the decline of the Taylor scale and the Kolmogorov scale. The determined S_L in the present study is in good agreement with that of previous literature. The S_L and S_T of methanol/air have a non-monotonic trend with φ while peak S_T is shifted to the richer side compared to S_L. This indicates that the newly built turbulent combustion chamber is reliable for further experimental study.

关键词： fan-stirred combustion chamber turbulence characteristics particle image velocimetry (PIV) methanol turbulent expanding flames

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Influence of sprinkler irrigation droplet diameter, application intensity and specific power on flower

Yisheng ZHANG, Delan ZHU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 165-171 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017145

摘要： To determine the main parameters of droplet strike damage and avoid flower injury due to the unsuitable practices during sprinkler irrigation, an indoor experiment of irrigation droplet impact on cyclamen was conducted. The influences of different parameters such as droplet diameter, application intensity, specific power on flower strike damage was analyzed using Image Pro-Plus software to compute strike damage area and define damage level by sense-analysis. The results showed that a damage area of <1% represents a safe irrigation level, 1%–3% slight damage level, 3%–6% moderate damage level, and>6% heavy damage level. Equations of application intensity, specific power with sprinkler irrigation time and flower injury ratio were regressed against parameters which cause impact damages. The results indicated that specific power has a significant correlation with injury, and flower damage area increased as the increasing of the value of specific power for the same irrigation time. Application intensity was also correlated with injury when the droplet diameter was larger than 1 mm. When the duration of sprinkler irrigation was 1, 5 and 10 min, the threshold of impinging damage of application intensity was 25.30, 5.01 and 1.64 mm·h and the specific power was 0.467×10 , 9.340×10 and 3.110×10 W·m . These results provide a reference for determining the suitable values of sprinkler properties in operation design.

关键词： application intensity damage floriculture flowers specific power sprinkler irrigation

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Impact of inter-fuel substitution on energy intensity in Ghana

Boqiang LIN, Hermas ABUDU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 27-41 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0656-5

摘要： Energy intensity and elasticity, together with inter-fuel substitution are key issues in the current development stage of Ghana. Translog production and ridge regression are applied for studying these issues with a data range of 2000–2015. The current energy dynamics reveal the expected inverse relationship: higher energy intensity and lower elasticity with economic growth. There are evidences of energy-economic challenges: high energy cost, inefficiency and backfire rebound effect. The implications are higher energy losses in the system, more consumption of lower-quality energy together with low energy technology innovation. Energy is wasted and directly not productive with economic activities. It is observed further that the higher energy intensity invariably increases CO emission because approximately 95% of total energy is derived from hydrocarbons and biomass. An inter-fuel substitution future scenario design was further conducted and the results were positive with growth, lower energy intensity, and improved energy efficiency. Therefore, government and energy policymakers should improve energy efficiency, cost, and productiveness. That is, they should change energy compositions and augment energy technology innovation, thus, increasing renewable share to 15% by 2026, reducing wood and charcoal by about 69%, and increasing natural gas to about 776%. Energy policymakers should enhance the installation of smart energy, cloud energy solution, tokenization of energy system and storage.

关键词： energy intensity energy elasticity inter-fuel substitution prospects energy contribution Translog production approach ridge regression

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Dynamic mechanism for the decline of China’s energy intensity during the 11th FYP (Five-Year Plan)

Minghui LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 237-249 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0130-x

摘要： From 2006 to 2009, the aggregate energy intensity of China fell by 14.38%, which means that China has made substantial progress towards its goal of achieving approximately a 20% reduction in energy intensity during the period of the 11th FYP (Five-Year Plan). This paper describes some new properties of the mechanism for the decrease in China’s energy intensity since the beginning of the 11th FYP. First, compared with the period of the 10th FYP, technical, structural, and residential energy-savings have been improved to a certain extent. Secondly, unlike the dynamic mechanism before 2000, technical energy savings have been the main driver of momentum since the beginning of the 11th FYP. Next, although structural energy savings are not the main factor, they are still a key factor for the decrease in energy intensity. Finally, residential energy savings are still a stable driver of momentum for the decline in China’s energy intensity.

关键词： energy intensity structural energy savings technical energy savings

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Efficiency of scalar and vector intensity measures for seismic slope displacements

Gang WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 44-52 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0138-x

摘要： Ground motion intensity measures are usually used to predict the earthquake-induced displacements in earth dams, soil slopes and soil structures. In this study, the efficiency of various single ground motion intensity measures (scalar ) or a combination of them (vector ) are investigated using the PEER-NGA strong motion database and an equivalent-linear sliding-mass model. Although no single intensity measure is efficient enough for all slope conditions, the spectral acceleration at 1.5 times of the initial slope period and Arias intensity of the input motion are found to be the most efficient scalar for flexible slopes and stiff slopes respectively. Vector can incorporate different characteristics of the ground motion and thus significantly improve the efficiency over a wide range of slope conditions. Among various vector considered, the spectral accelerations at multiple spectral periods achieve high efficiency for a wide range of slope conditions. This study provides useful guidance to the development of more efficient empirical prediction models as well as the ground motion selection criteria for time domain analysis of seismic slope displacements.

关键词： seismic slope displacements intensity measures empirical prediction

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Does financial development lower energy intensity?

Philip Kofi ADOM, Michael Owusu APPIAH, Mawunyo Prosper AGRADI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 620-634 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0619-x

摘要： The growth-induced effects of financial development have been well-established in the empirical literature, as well as the significance of financial development to energy demand behavior. However, the empirical evidence on the relationship between financial development and energy intensity remains sparse in the literature. Given the multifaceted nature of the effects of financial development, the proposed relationship seems a complex one and warrants an empirical investigation. Using the case of Ghana, this study provides an empirical answer to the question: does financial development lower energy intensity? To provide solid grounds for either rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis, this study performed several robustness checks. Generally, the evidence revealed that financial development lowers energy intensity. Further, the results revealed that the price of energy, trade liberalization and industry structure play significant roles. These results have important implications for the design of macro energy efficiency policies and the creation of a ‘Green Bank’.

关键词： financial development energy intensity energy efficiency Ghana

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Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0909-1

摘要： The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is rapidly developing in China for carbon reduction and neutrality. This paper evaluated the life-cycle cost and carbon emission of hydrogen energy via lots of field surveys, including hydrogen production and packing in chlor-alkali plants, transport by tube trailers, storage and refueling in hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), and application for use in two different cities. It also conducted a comparative study for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The result indicates that hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) has the best environmental performance but the highest energy cost. However, a sufficient hydrogen supply can significantly reduce the carbon intensity and FCV energy cost of the current system. The carbon emission for FCV application has the potential to decrease by 73.1% in City A and 43.8% in City B. It only takes 11.0%–20.1% of the BEV emission and 8.2%–9.8% of the ICEV emission. The cost of FCV driving can be reduced by 39.1% in City A. Further improvement can be obtained with an economical and “greener” hydrogen production pathway.

关键词： hydrogen energy life-cycle assessment (LCA) fuel cell vehicle carbon emission energy cost

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Low intensity ultrasound stimulates biological activity of aerobic activated sludge

LIU Hong, YAN Yixin, WANG Wenyan, YU Yongyong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 67-72 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0013-5

摘要： This work aims to explore a procedure to improve biological wastewater treatment efficiency using low intensity ultrasound. The aerobic activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as the experimental material. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of the activated sludge (AS) was determined to indicate the changes of AS activity stimulated by ultrasound at 35 kHz for 0 40 min with ultrasonic intensities of 0 1.2 W/cm. The highest OUR was observed at the ultrasonic intensity of 0.3 W/cm and an irradiation period of 10 min; more than 15% increase was achieved immediately after sonication. More significantly, the AS activity stimulated by ultrasound could last 24 h after sonication, and the AS activity achieved its peak value within 8 h after sonication, or nearly 100% higher than the initial level after sonication. Therefore, to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of bioreactors, ultrasound with an intensity of 0.3 W/cm could be employed to irradiate a part of the AS in the bioreactor for 10 min every 8 h.

关键词： sonication irradiation kHz treatment efficiency AS activity

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湍流效应对桁架式桥梁断面气动弹性性能影响的研究

Hoang Trong Lam, Hiroshi Katsuchi, Hitoshi Yamada

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 845-853 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.10.001

摘要：

本文介绍了在不同湍流条件下通过随机系统识别（SSI）方法提取颤振导数（FD）的过程。研究旨在通过对节段模型风洞试验来研究湍流对悬索式大跨度桥梁的影响。针对不同的湍流特性，对桁架式桥梁断面进行了几项风洞试验，包括降低湍流强度和湍流尺度。研究包括湍流对模型动态响应的影响。利用系统识别技术提取FD，对风洞试验中的瞬态响应和抖振响应进行了分析，同时讨论了该方法存在的困难。利用时域SSI 同时从一自由度（1DOF）和二自由度（2DOF）系统提取所有的FD。最后，讨论了不同情况下的结果并得出结论。

关键词：颤振导数系统识别湍流效应抖振响应

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Numerical simulation of sudden-expansion two-phase flows with two-scale second-order moment particle turbulence

ZENG Zhuoxiong, HAN Shoulei, ZHOU Lixing

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 202-206 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0026-6

摘要： A two-scale second-order moment particle turbulence model is developed, based on the concept of particle large-scale fluctuation due to turbulence and particle small-scale fluctuation due to collision. The model is employed to simulate gas-particle flows in a sudden-expansion chamber. Simulation results are compared with the experimental results and with those obtained by the single-scale second-order moment two-phase turbulence model. It is shown that the two-scale model is with higher calculating accuracy than the single-scale model.

关键词： gas-particle single-scale second-order large-scale fluctuation second-order sudden-expansion

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强度理论与实验现象

刘大斌,韩文坝,蔡冰清,韩晓东

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第12期页码 44-52

摘要：用四大经典理论、莫尔强度理论和质点平衡强度理论的准则和强度条件，对单向拉压、二向拉压、纯扭转等已被认定的实验现象进行对比，对低、中碳钢重新做了纯扭转求最大屈服剪应力实验。发现质点平衡强度理论的符合率较高，13个实验中的有12个符合。尤其是拉伸—剪切使剪切破坏试验变得容易，压缩—剪切使剪切破坏试验变得困难的实验现象与质点平衡强度理论完全符合；莫尔强度理论也只有当拉伸和压缩极限强度不同时才能符合；其他强度理论都与此实验不符合。特别是当三向等应力拉伸（或压缩）时第三强度理论出现相当应力为零；三向等应力拉伸（或压

关键词：强度理论实验现象屈服现象应力状态

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零方程湍流模型在列车车厢内气流数值模拟中的应用

杨培志,顾小松

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第1期页码 26-29

摘要：

采用k-ε湍流模型对列车车厢内气流进行数值模拟需要消耗大量的计算时间，为此，提出了采用零方程湍流模型对列车车厢内的气流组织进行数值模拟；分别采用零方程湍流模型与k-ε湍流模型对列车车厢内的空气流动及传热进行了数值计算，经分析比较可知，该两种湍流模型的数值计算结果吻合程度较好，采用零方程湍流模型可大大缩短计算时间，利用其简单、快捷的特点，可以为列车空调系统的工程设计提供简便的数值模拟方法。

关键词：空调零方程湍流模型数值模拟列车

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High-intensity focused ultrasound tumor ablation: Review of ten years of clinical experience

Lian ZHANG, Zhi-Biao WANG

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 294-302 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0092-8

摘要： High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a technique to destroy tissue at depth within the body, selectively and without harming overlying and adjacent structures within the path of the beam because the ultrasonic intensity at the beam focus is much higher than that outside of the focus. Diagnostic ultrasound is the first imaging modality used for guiding HIFU ablation. In 1997, a patient with osteosarcoma was first successfully treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU in Chongqing, China. Over the last decade, thousands of patients with uterine fibroids, liver cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, bone tumors, and renal cancer have been treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU. Based on several research groups’ reports, as well as our ten-year clinical experience, we conclude that this technique is safe and effective in treating human solid tumors. HIFU is a promising technique. Most importantly, HIFU offers patients another alternative when those patients have no other treatment available.

关键词： high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU (USgHIFU) magnetic resonance imaging-guided HIFU (MRgHIFU)